The Etta mine began operations in 1883. At that time, the mine was owned by the Harney Peak Tin Mining, Milling, and Manufacturing Company which built a mill and smelter at the mine. In 1898, the mine started shipments of spodumene, a lithium ore, and it operated until 1959. It became famous for the huge spodumene crystals it produced. The old Etta tin smelter still stands three stories high, half-a-mile south of Keystone. The Etta mine, with its gaping hole, is a spectacular sight. Submitted by: Henry Chenoweth.